Crypto Ponzi Scheme Convictions: Key Red Flags Investors Must Know

June 1, 2026

Ponzi schemes never seem to go out of style. Back in February I told you about the conviction of Todd Burhkhalter who operated the biggest Ponzi scheme in Georgia history. More recently Rathnakishore Giri was convicted in federal court in Ohio of orchestrating a cryptocurrency Ponzi scheme and was sentenced to nine years in prison.

As an aside, all these investment scams where earlier investors are paid not from the profits of the investment touted, but rather by the funds provided by later investors are referred to as Ponzi schemes taking the name from Charles Ponzi who operated an early version of this timeless investment fraud in Boston in 1920. In fact, the model for this scam was created years earlier also in Boston in 1879 by a woman, Sarah Howe who established the Ladies’ Deposit Company, a bank that took deposits only from unmarried women. Howe offered interest rates of 8% per month to the women depositing money with her, but it was all a scam, and she was convicted of fraud but never got the “credit” for being the developer of this scam that still manages to steal people’s money today.

Rathnakishore Giri represented himself to potential investors as an expert cryptocurrency trader, particularly knowledgeable in the complex area of Bitcoin derivatives trading, promising lucrative returns and guaranteed profits. The truth was, however, that he operated entirely outside of the regulated securities industry, had neither FINRA licenses, nor registration as either a broker-dealer or an investment adviser.

Despite his unsupported representations to investors, Giri had a long history of losing the money of people who invested with him although from outer appearances he looked successful, driving luxury cars such as a Lamborghini, wearing high-end watches costing hundreds of thousands of dollars and flying on private jets.

But Giri was not a knowledgeable cryptocurrency trader. He merely operated a Ponzi scheme where he paid off early investors with the money obtained from later investors while using the invested funds to pay for a luxury lifestyle for himself.

His scam had earlier come to the attention of the Commodities Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) who charged him with operating a Ponzi scheme and misuse of investor funds in 2022, after which Giri blatantly continued his scam until criminal charges were brought against him in 2024. In fact, Giri continued to operate his Ponzi scheme even after he had pleaded guilty to the criminal charges while on pretrial release pending sentencing.

As described in Giri’s criminal indictment, in July of 2022 Giri was introduced to a new potential investor who unbeknownst to Giri was an undercover federal agent to whom Giri made the same false representations he made to his other investors, telling the agent, “You’re going to be guaranteed your principal back no matter what with whatever term we have.” Giri told the undercover agent that his investment would be pooled with other investors. Three days later, Giri sent a text message to the person through whom he met the undercover agent:

“Defendant GIRI: He wants a breakdown of the ‘pool’ and equity he would have. So I’m making an excel sheet to send him. Lol

Individual: Oh nice (emojis) how’s that work?

Defendant GIRI: Literally have to make up 5 other people and makeshift %. It doesn’t really mean anything. He just wants to know for some reason.”

The next day the undercover agent received the falsified list of six non-existent investors indicating false figures for their investments.

Faced with damning evidence, Giri pleaded guilty to swindling investors and was sentenced to 9 years in prison.

WHAT RED FLAGS WERE MISSED BY GIRI’S VICTIMS?

  1. Promises of high, consistent profits that were guaranteed and risk free is always an indication of a scam.
  2. No one should ever invest in something that they do not understand. Giri claimed that he was an expert in Bitcoin derivatives trading which is a complex form of investment of which his investors were lacking in knowledge. The SEC provides extensive information about cryptocurrency investing that might have dissuaded his victims of investing with Giri. The CFTC also provides helpful information about avoiding cryptocurrency scams.
  3. No one should ever invest with anyone without doing research about the person offering the investment. Investors did not receive any independently verified records of Giri’s past investment performance and, most damning, anyone investing with him after he was sued by the CFTC, but before his criminal indictment in 2024 by merely doing a search engine search with Giri’s name and the word “scam” would have learned that his investment program was a scam.
  4. A knowledgeable investor would have known to inquire about an independent custodian for invested funds. Having the same person advise the investment and control the investment is a common thread among Ponzi schemers because it enables them to falsify documents to make the investment look profitable. Generally, it is desirable to have a separate broker-dealer act as custodian for investments chosen by an investment adviser.
  5. A prudent investor would have asked for independent verification of trades as well as a plausible explanation as to how such high returns could be guaranteed.