After years of research and upgrades, recent Ethereum [ETH] changes at the protocol level are changing what the network can actually do. Early signs are already visible, but the real effects are only just starting to unfold.

The breakthrough

Ethereum might be approaching its most important change since launch.

In a recent post on X, Vitalik Buterin explained that two long-planned upgrades (PeerDAS, now live on mainnet, and ZK-EVMs, now reaching usable performance) are changing the network at a structural level.

Together, he says they allow Ethereum to stay decentralized while handling far more data and activity than before.

“The trilemma has been solved – not on paper, but with live running code, of which one half (data availability sampling) is *on mainnet today*, and the other half (ZK-EVMs) is *production-quality on performance today*…”

Earlier, networks had to choose between scaling without coordination or coordinating without scale. Ethereum is now beginning to do both at once, using real, running systems rather than theory.

The subsequent result is a network designed for long-term growth.

The groundwork and the follow-through

Source: SoSoValue

The first trading day of 2026 saw Ethereum’s 2025 progress carrying forward. Spot Ethereum ETFs recorded $174 million in net inflows on the 2nd of January, pushing cumulative inflows to $12.5 billion.

Steady capital is in at the start of a new year.

Source: X

This follows the pace from the previous year. In Q4 2025 alone, developers deployed 8.7 million smart contracts on Ethereum. This is the highest quarterly figure on record.

While prices often struggled to match, the network kept expanding in capacity and use.

The handover from preparation to payoff seems to be underway. With developer activity laying the tracks, big money is now moving along the same lines in early 2026.

It’s clear that the network is benefiting from years of work already put into the system.

Final Thoughts

• Ethereum’s long-planned upgrades are starting to translate into real-world traction.
• The years of work are becoming increasingly visible in early 2026.