TOKYO — Japan’s food supply relies on the work of farmers at home and across Asia, putting it at risk from global crop harvests damaged by extreme weather events. And that vulnerability comes on top of already difficult-to-manage agricultural challenges in a mountainous island country with a rapidly aging population.

That is the view of ClimateAi, a Silicon Valley startup that mainly helps American and European food companies improve their climate security by forecasting extreme weather impacts on more than 40 crops using artificial intelligence.