Alabama could have as many as 12 medical marijuana dispensaries open next year after the Alabama Medical Cannabis Commission voted to award licenses on Thursday.

Birmingham is in line to have two dispensaries, while Mobile and Montgomery will have one each.

None are planned for the city of Huntsville, although two are planned for the metro area.

Officials said the dispensary license awards marked a breakthrough after more than two years of delays caused by disputes over the process and lawsuits by companies competing for a limited number of licenses.

The initial rollout for medical cannabis will be limited because disputes continue over licenses for integrated companies, which will be able to operate a total of 25 dispensaries.

On Thursday, the AMCC voted to follow the recommendation of an administrative law judge who presided over a hearing requested by competing companies and found that four applicants were most suitable for dispensary licenses.

Under the medical marijuana law the Legislature passed back in 2021, the AMCC can award no more than four dispensary licenses, and each of the companies can operate three locations.

The companies included their proposed locations with their license applications.

The companies picked for licenses are GP6 Wellness LLC, RJK Holdings LLC, CCS of Alabama LLC, and Yellowhammer Medical Dispensaries LLC.

Some steps remain, including the payment of $40,000 license fees by the companies.

If all goes as planned, GP6 Wellness, RJK Holdings, and CCS of Alabama will be issued licenses on Jan. 8.

The AMCC placed a stay on the license award for Yellowhammer Medical Dispensaries until Jan. 26 because it is expected to be challenged by a fifth company, Capitol Medical LLC.

Administrative law judge Blake Brookshire wrote in his 106-page report that Capitol Medical was suitable for a license, but did not rate it among the four most suitable.

The AMCC plans to meet on Jan. 26 to reconsider the stay on Yellowhammer’s license.

There have been no challenges to the other three companies awarded licenses.

Dispensaries can only be in cities and counties where the governing bodies have approved them.

Here are the dispensary locations for the four companies chosen for licenses.

• GP6 Wellness: Birmingham, Athens, and Attalla.
• RJK Holdings: Oxford, Mobile, and Daphne.
• CCS of Alabama: Montgomery, Cullman, and Talladega.
• Yellowhammer: Birmingham, Demopolis, and Owens Cross Roads.

AMCC Chairman Rex Vaughn said he hoped dispensaries could be operating as early as the spring.

The Alabama Board of Medical Examiners will certify doctors to recommend the medical cannabis products to patients. The doctor certifications cannot start until at least one dispensary license is issued. But preparations have been in place for the process.

Matt Hart, an attorney for the Alabama Board of Medical Examiners, said the board plans to begin accepting certification applications from doctors on Jan. 8, if the dispensary licenses are issued.

The law requires doctors to complete a medical cannabis course before becoming certified. Hart said the course, about four hours, has been available to doctors online for more than two years.

Hart said it’s possible the board could begin approving certifications for doctors at its meeting in January, although he said that would be a tight window. The board’s next meeting after that is in February.

Patients who receive a medical cannabis card after seeing a certified doctor will be able to buy the products at the dispensaries.

The AMCC previously issued licenses for cultivators, processors, secure transporters, and a state testing lab.

Licensed cultivators have been growing cannabis since 2024.

Alabama’s medical marijuana law, the Compassion Act, allows companies to make gummies (peach-flavored only), tablets, capsules, tinctures, patches, oils, and other forms of medical marijuana products.

The law allows the products to be used to treat a wide range of conditions, including chronic pain, weight loss and nausea from cancer, depression, panic disorder, epilepsy, muscle spasms caused by disease or spinal cord injuries, PTSD, and others.