Strategy (NASDAQ: MSTR) reported net income of $2.8 billion for the third quarter of 2025, a sharp turnaround from a $340 million loss a year earlier.

The company reaffirmed its full-year guidance of $34 billion in operating income and $20 billion in Bitcoin gains, solidifying its position as the world’s largest corporate Bitcoin holder.

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Strategy posted net income of $2.78 billion, or $8.42 per share, for the three months ended September 30. This compares with a loss of $340.2 million, or $1.72 per share, in the same period last year. Operating income reached $3.9 billion for the quarter.

CEO Michael Saylor announced the results on X: “Strategy announces Q3 2025 results & reaffirms 2025 guidance. Q3 results: $3.9B Operating Income, $2.8B Net Income, $8.42 Diluted EPS.”

The company’s profitability stems largely from gains on its Bitcoin holdings. As of October 26, 2025, Strategy held 640,808 bitcoins acquired at $47.44 billion, or $74,032 per bitcoin. With Bitcoin currently trading around $107,833, the company is sitting on substantial unrealized gains.

Strategy’s business model has evolved into what industry observers call a “Bitcoin treasury company.” The company’s approach involves holding Bitcoin as its primary treasury reserve asset. This buy-and-hold strategy has fundamentally transformed how the market values the company.

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Rising Bitcoin prices tend to appreciate Strategy’s stock price. This enables the company to raise additional capital through equity offerings. The capital is then reinvested into Bitcoin purchases, creating a self-reinforcing cycle. This model has inspired many other companies to adopt similar treasury strategies.

Until the fourth quarter of last year, Strategy could only record impairment losses when Bitcoin’s value fell below its purchase price. Gains from price increases remained unrealized unless the cryptocurrency was sold. Changes to accounting treatment now allow the company to recognize gains from Bitcoin appreciation.

This accounting shift has transformed Strategy’s financial statements. The company can now report quarterly profits that reflect the market value of its Bitcoin holdings. This provides greater transparency into the economic reality of its Bitcoin treasury strategy.

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Strategy reaffirmed its full-year 2025 guidance. The company projects operating income of $34 billion and Bitcoin gains of $20 billion. Saylor emphasized the company’s unwavering commitment to its strategy, with no plans to hedge its Bitcoin position.

“Saylor has turned a public company into a treasury of the new age. While most CEOs chase quarterly validation, he’s building a parallel reserve system. Each report reads less like earnings – and more like prophecy fulfilled.”

Despite the strong Bitcoin performance and profitability, Strategy’s shares have declined approximately 12% year-to-date in 2025. This contrasts with Bitcoin’s 14.5% gain over the same period. The divergence suggests the market may be pricing in concerns about valuation, dilution from capital raises, or regulatory uncertainties.

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However, shares rose nearly 4% after-hours trading following the earnings announcement. This positive reaction indicates continued investor interest in the company’s Bitcoin treasury model.

Strategy’s success with its Bitcoin treasury approach has broader implications for corporate finance. US President Donald Trump’s focus on the digital asset sector and pledge to make America the global cryptocurrency hub have created a supportive regulatory environment. Strong ETF inflows have helped Bitcoin scale multiple record highs in 2025.

The company’s model demonstrates how corporations can use Bitcoin as a treasury reserve asset. This represents a departure from traditional cash management strategies that rely on short-term securities and bonds. As Bitcoin gains acceptance as an institutional asset class, more companies may consider similar treasury strategies.

Strategy’s quarterly results continue to validate the Bitcoin treasury company concept. The model transforms traditional notions of corporate treasury management and creates new frameworks for valuing companies that hold significant cryptocurrency positions.