Environmental crime is rapidly becoming a major form of organised crime worldwide. Interpol reports that it generates between €102 and €261 billion annually, severely harming ecosystems, public health, and local economies. 

Crimes like illegal waste dumping, unlawful industrial emissions, and wildlife trafficking often go unnoticed, making detection and prosecution challenging.

However, their impact is widespread: contaminated soil and water, degraded habitats, and long-term health risks for nearby communities. Addressing these crimes requires stronger laws and cooperation among authorities, courts, and citizens. 

In the latest episode of the ‘Road to Green’ series, Euronews goes to Slovakia, where investigators have uncovered an illegal waste management operation that dumped hazardous materials, threatening land and water resources. 

In Romania, home to two-thirds of Europe’s virgin forests, millions of cubic meters of timber are thought to be logged illegally every year. Forest activists and authorities are fighting back, using innovative technology. 

These national efforts are reinforced by the EU’s strengthened legal framework. The Environmental Crime Directive and its related laws, such as the Environmental Liability Directive, aim to deter offenders, ensure clean-up, and empower citizens and civil society. 

Watch the latest episode of ‘The Road to Green’ below to learn more.

Watch on Euronews here

Watch previous episodes from ‘The Road to Green’

Disclaimer 

DG ENV co-finances the production of the Road to Green, while Euronews retain full editorial independence. Views and opinions expressed in the programme are solely those of the speakers and do not necessarily represent the views and opinions of the European Commission or any other entities. 

Background

Environmental crime seriously harms ecosystems, climate stability, agriculture, and economic well-being. Pollution taints the air and water, illegal waste reduces soil productivity, and wildlife crime threatens biodiversity, which is vital for resilient ecosystems. 

The public is greatly concerned: 92% of Europeans think polluting companies should cover clean-up costs, according to a May 2024 Eurobarometer. Environmental crime ranks as the third largest organised crime worldwide, growing by 5–7% each year. 

By boosting enforcement and promoting cross-border cooperation, the EU is building a cleaner, fairer, and more sustainable future. Other international organisations, like the Council of Europe, also act through initiatives such as the Convention on the Protection of the Environment through Criminal Law.