Despite women and girls making up nearly half the world’s population, women’s health has captured just 6% of private healthcare investment. More than 25 organizations from the investment community, industry, philanthropies and beyond provided insights for this report, which addresses critical gaps in understanding investment flows in women’s health, market opportunity and unmet need. To quantify private investment flows in women’s healthcare over the past five years, the report introduces the Women’s Health Investment Index. Major areas of unmet need and opportunity across high-burden, high-prevalence conditions that affect women uniquely, differently and disproportionately – such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, menopause and Alzheimer’s disease – have been overlooked. A recent analysis by the Boston Consulting Group (BCG) estimates that effectively addressing these four therapeutic areas for women in the US could unlock a $100 billion-plus market opportunity by 2030.