A federal science agency has added dozens of new marijuana components to an official government library of compounds that is used to help identify unknown substances in food, drugs, cosmetics, the environment, body fluids and forensic evidence.

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) announced last week that the cannabis components were being added as part of a broader update to its library of mass spectra measured from hundreds of thousands of compounds, known formally as Standard Reference Database 1A.

The minor cannabinoids, NIST said, are “trace chemicals hidden inside the cannabis plant that are being explored for medical uses, including pain relief.”

In response to a query from Marijuana Moment, NIST officials specified that 41 new spectra related to cannabinoid compounds have been added in this update on top of the 80 that were already included in the library.

“By introducing 41 new cannabinoid compounds to the NIST26 library—bringing the total to 121—this expanded collection continues to reflect a strategic selection of compounds that are of significant importance to numerous fields including forensics, biomedical research, food science and environmental chemistry,” NIST data scientist Tytus Mak, who selects the compounds that are added to the database, told Marijuana Moment.

To build out the NIST Mass Spectral Library, scientists use a mass spectrometer to effectively generate chemical fingerprints for compounds. The device “ionizes and shatters a compound into charged fragments and then sorts those fragments by their mass-to-charge ratio,” the agency said.

When researchers or product manufacturers find a compound of unknown identity, they can us their own mass spectrometry device and then compare the results to NIST’s library to find a match.

“Just as a person may be identified by comparing their DNA to a database, a chemical compound may be identified by comparing its mass spectrum to the NIST database,” Bill Wallace, group leader of NIST’s Mass Spectrometry Data Center, said.

With respect to the new cannabis-related additions, a summary provided to Marijuana Moment by NIST says that its preexisting library was “excellent for identifying standard, classical cannabinoids and major human metabolites” but that the newly added compounds “fill a specific analytical gap.”

“The most significant takeaway is that the new additions focus heavily on rare alkyl side-chain homologs and their analytical derivatives, expanding the library well beyond the standard cannabis compounds,” it said. “They provide the reference spectra needed to identify rare plant variants, degradation artifacts and minor homologs that are becoming increasingly relevant in modern cannabis testing.”

The agency noted that it chooses which compounds to add to its library using outside databases and lists to understand which are broadly “important to chemists,” and that it “prioritizes those found on multiple lists.”

The expansion of the cannabinoid portion of the libray focuses on adding rare side-chain homologs, abnormal and exo isomers, derivatives and epoxidation products.

See below for the full list of compounds now in the NIST library, with asterisks next to new additions:

.delta.-9-Tetrahydrocannabinoic acid a

.DELTA.8-Tetrahydrocannabinol

.DELTA.8-Tetrahydrocannabinol

.DELTA.8-Tetrahydrocannabinol, TBDMS derivative @

.DELTA.8-Tetrahydrocannabivarin

.DELTA.9-Tetrahydrocannabinol

.DELTA.9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, TBDMS derivative @

.DELTA.9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, TMS derivative @

.DELTA.9-Tetrahydrocannabiorcol *

.DELTA.9-Tetrahydrocannabiorcol, acetate *

.DELTA.9-Tetrahydrocannabiorcol, methyl ether *

.DELTA.9-Tetrahydrocannabiorcol, TMS *

.delta.9-Tetrahydrocannabivarin

.DELTA.11-Tetrahydrocannabinol

(.+/-.)-.DELTA.9-Tetrahydrocannabinol

(.+/-.)-11-Hydroxy-.DELTA.9-tetrahydrocannabinol

(.+/-.)-11-Nor-.DELTA.9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid

(.+/-.)-Cannabichromene

(.+/-.)-Cannabicyclol

(.+/-.)-Cannabicyclol, acetate

(.+/-.)-Cannabicyclol, methyl ester

(.+/-.)-Cannabicyclol, TMS

(+)-11-Nor-.DELTA.9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid glucuronide

1′-Hydroxycannabinol

1′-Oxocannabinol

1(R),2(S)-Epoxy cannabidiol *

1(R),2(S)-epoxy Cannabidiol, dimethyl ether *

1(R),2(S)-Epoxy cannabidiol, O,O-diacetate- *

1(R),2(S)-epoxy Cannabidiol, TMS *

1(R),2(S)-Epoxycannabidiol *

11-Hydroxy-.DELTA.-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, bis(trimethylsilyl) ether

11-Hydroxy-.DELTA.-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, O,O’-bis(trifluoroacetyl)-

11-Hydroxy-.DELTA.-9-tetrahydrocannabinol, tert-butyldimethylsilyl derivative

11-Hydroxy-.DELTA.9-tetrahydrocannabinol

11-Hydroxy-.DELTA.9-tetrahydrocannabinol

11-Hydroxy-.DELTA.9-tetrahydrocannabinol, 2TBDMS derivative @

11-Hydroxycannabinol

11-Nor-.delta.-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylic acid

11-Nor-9-carboxy-.DELTA.9-tetrahydrocannabinol

8.alpha.-Hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol, bis(trimethylsilyl) ether

8.beta.,11-Dihydroxy-.delta.-9-tetrahydrocannabinol

Abnormal cannabidivarin *

Abnormal cannabidivarin, 2TMS *

Abnormal cannabidivarin, acetate *

Abnormal cannabidivarin, diacetate *

Abnormal cannabivarin, TMS

Bis-trimethylsilyl-.delta.-9-tetrahydrocannabinol acid b

Cannabibutol *

Cannabibutol, acetate *

Cannabibutol, methyl ether *

Cannabibutol, TMS *

Cannabichromene

Cannabicitran

Cannabicoumaronone

Cannabidihexol *

Cannabidiol

Cannabidiol

Cannabidiol dimethyl ether

Cannabidiol-C8 *

Cannabidiol-C8 *

Cannabidiol-C8, 2TMS *

Cannabidiol-C8, O,O-diacetate *

Cannabidiol, 2Ac derivative

Cannabidiol, 2TFA

Cannabidiol, 2TMS derivative @

Cannabidiol, Ac derivative

Cannabidiolic acid

Cannabidiolic acid, 3TMS

Cannabidiorocol

Cannabidiphorol

Cannabidivarin

Cannabidivarin diacetate *

Cannabidivarin, 2TMS

Cannabidivarol

Cannabigerohexol *

Cannabigerol

Cannabigerol dimethyl ether *

Cannabigerol monomethyl ether *

Cannabigerol monomethyl ether, TMS *

Cannabigerorcin

Cannabigerorcinic acid

Cannabigerorcinic acid, 3TMS *

Cannabigerorcinic acid, dimethyl ether, methyl ester

Cannabigerovarin

Cannabihexol *

Cannabihexol, acetate *

Cannabihexol, methyl ether *

Cannabihexol, TMS *

Cannabinol

Cannabinol ethyl *

Cannabinol ethyl, acetate *

Cannabinol ethyl, methyl ether *

Cannabinol ethyl, TMS *

Cannabinol methyl derivative

Cannabinol, acetate

Cannabinol, heptafluorobutyrate

Cannabinol, pentafluoropropionate

Cannabinol, TBDMS derivative @

Cannabinol, TMS derivative @

Cannabinol, trifluoroacetate

Cannabipiperidiethanone

Cannabispiran

Cannabivarin

Cannabivarinselsoin *

Cannabivarinselsoin, methyl ether *

Deoxy Cannabidiol

Eucannabinolide

Eucannabinolide, 2TMS

exo-Tetrahydrocannabivarin *

exo-Tetrahydrocannabivarin, methyl ether *

exo-Tetrahydrocannabivarin, TMS *

Hexahydrocannabi-1,10.beta.diol

Hexahydrocannabinol

Hydroxy-.delta. 9-tetrahydrocannabinol, 8-.alpha.

Hydroxy-.delta. 9-tetrahydrocannabinol, 8-.beta.

Methyl 1-dehydroxy-1-methoxy-11-nor-.delta.-9-tetrahydrocannabinol-9-carboxylate

Norcannabinol-9-carboxylic acid, 11-

Tetrahydrocannabinolcarbonic acid-D3-HFBA-PFPOH-Derivative

Tetrahydrocannabinolcarbonic acid-D9-HFBA-PFPOH-Derivative

Tetrahydrocannabinolcarbonic acid-HFBA-PFPOH-Derivative

Tetrahydrocannabivarin

Note: Some compound names are repeated due to there being separate entries in the library for stereoisomers of the same compound.